Post-conflict Libya has been riven by internal conflict, institutional, political and social instability as well as a grave humanitarian crisis. The achievement of stability in Libya has been of concern to the international community, in particular in light of the serious consequences of internal conflict and fragmentation on, inter alia, the fight against terrorism and the Islamic State, as well as against human trafficking and migrant smuggling across the Mediterranean Sea^[1].

Historically a prominent international actor in the country, Italy has strongly supported the Government of National Accord, formed under the terms of the Libyan Political Agreement signed in Skhirat, Morocco, on 17 December 2015^[2], and endorsed by the United Nations (UN) Security Council as the sole legitimate executive authority in Libya^[3]. On 8 May 2017, during a briefing at the UN Security Council on the situation in Libya (7934th Meeting)^[4], the Permanent Representative of Italy to the United Nations, Ambassador Sebastiano Cardi, declared:

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